Inventions Search Results

Years : 1,000 BCE to 1 BCE

58 Items listed

Generated : 8th September 2024

[2000 BCE to 1000 BCE][1 to 1000]

When	Invention	Place	Notes
1000 BCE	Dictionary	China	re-invented by Samual Johnson (England, 1604)
1000 BCE	Kite	China
950 BCE	Peanut Cultivation	South America	in modern Brazil and Peru
900 BCE	Use of Cavalry	Mesopotamia	by the Assyrians
750 BCE	False Teeth	Etruria	in modern Italy
750 BCE	Iron Scissors and Saws	Europe	the Celtic Hallstatt people (modern day Austria)
750 BCE	Metal Locks and Keys	Rome
700 BCE	Aquaduct	Mesopotamia Middle East	Nineveh (Assyria) Jerusalem (Judiah)
700 BCE	Archimedes Screw	Mesopotamia	used for irrigation
700 BCE	Galley Warships	Phoenicia Egypt	multiple level oars
700 BCE	Musical Notation	India
700 BCE	Toga and Tunic	Etruria
650 BCE	3-D Painting	Greece	on vases in Corinth
650 BCE	Legalised Prostitution	China
650 BCE	Windmill	Persia	to grind corn
640 BCE	Coinage	Lydia	in modern Turkey
600 BCE	Lighthouse	Mediterranean	a bonfire on a tower
600 BCE	Polo	Persia	played on horseback
592 BCE	Anchor	Greece	metal with curved arms
550 BCE	Screw	Greece	by Archytas
550 BCE	Water Tunnels	Greece	by Eupalinus of Megara on Samos Island
500 BCE	Crossbow	China
500 BCE	First Highways	Persia	with inns for travellers along the way
500 BCE	Passport	Persia	to allow government officials to travel without hinderence
500 BCE	Railway	Greece	7km at Corinth for moving boats
440 BCE	Archery	Greece	in Crete
400 BCE	Catapult	Greece Carthage
400 BCE	Ice Cream	Persia
400 BCE	Mirror	Phoenicia	from Sidon (modern Lebanon)
323 BCE	Museum	Egypt	in Alexandria
312 BCE	Chronology	Persia	by Seleucid Empire years counted sequentially and not by ruler
300 BCE	Metal Bit	Europe	by the Celts for controlling horses
300 BCE	Steam Power	Egypt	used for toys by Hero
250 BCE	Lever	Greece	explained by Archimedes
250 BCE	Piston	Egypt	by Ctesibius
200 BCE	Horse Collar and Harness	China
200 BCE	Horseshoe	Rome
180 BCE	Book	Greece	bound papyrus
150 BCE	Central Heating	Rome	under floor
150 BCE	Screw Press	Rome	used for making wine and olive oil
100 BCE	Glass Blowing	Syria	hollow glass vessels
100 BCE	Hinged Boat Rudder	China
100 BCE	Parchment	Pergamum	in modern day Turkey
100 BCE	Public Baths	Rome
82 BCE	Clockwork Mechanism	Greece	used for astronomical calculations
80 BCE	Gear	Greece	used in a bronze astronomical computer
60 BCE	Steam Baths	Europe	in the Douro Valley (modern Portugal)
60 BCE	Window Panes	Rome	in Pompeii from blown glass
45 BCE	The Calendar	Rome	by Sosigenes (the Julian Calendar)
40 BCE	First Coal Mines	China
40 BCE	Insecticides	China
30 BCE	Domes	Rome
30 BCE	Iron Padlock	Rome
30 BCE	Road Maps	Rome
30 BCE	Surgical Instruments	India
30 BCE	Thumb Print	China	used to determine identity
15 BCE	Fish Farming	Mediterranean	in Cyprus
10 BCE	Seed Drill	China	re-invented by Jethro Tull (England, 1701)

[2000 BCE to 1000 BCE][1 to 1000]

Key Moments

The centre of civilisation moved to the Mediteranean with the Phoenicians, Greeks, Etruscans and the Romans. Egypt was ruled by Greeks between 332 BCE (when conquered by Alexander The Great) and 30 BCE (when the Egyptian-Greek queen, Cleopatra, died). China continued to innovate.

Cultural events (Eurasia) of the period include:

Homer wrote The Odessey and The Iliad, the oldest literature from Europe, around 800 BCE.
The Olympic Games began in Greece in 776 BCE.
Rome was founded by the Etruscans in 753 BCE.
The Greek Alphabet was developed around 750 BCE.
The Book of Genesis was written around 750 BCE. The scriptures that would become known as the Old Testament were collected around 580 BCE.
The Phoenicians circumnavigated Africa c600 BCE.
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were constructed in 594 BCE.
Scientific specialisation began in Greece (Athens) around 450 BCE.
In Athens, the Parthenon was built in 438 BCE.
Sun Tzu, a general, wrote The Art of War, the first book of military strategy, around 400 BCE in China.
The Hindu epic, The Ramayana was written by Valmiki around 300 BCE.
In 260 BCE, the Hebrew scriptures (Old Testament) were translated into Greek (The Septuagint).
The Buddhist canon of scripture was completed in Patna (modern India) in 250 BCE.
The Great Wall of China was constructed in 221 BCE.
Vyasa wrote Mahabharata, the world's longest story in verse, around 200 BCE.
From 200 BCE, rock cut caves in Ajunta (India) were sculptured and painted with religious themes.
The Karma Sutra was written in India in 150 BCE.
The Silk Road linking Europe to China was opened in 130 BCE.
The Dead Sea Scrolls were written c100 BCE by a Jewish sect, The Essenes; they were hidden in jars where they lay for 2000 years.

Cities and settlements:

In Sri Lanka, the city of Anuradhapura was founded in 900 BCE.
Carthage (modern Tunisia) was founded by the Phoenicians in 814 BCE.
Byzantium (later Constantinople, the modern Istanbul in Turkey) was founded in 658 BCE.
Tripoli (modern Lebanon) was founded by the Phoenicians in 500 BCE.
The Greeks founded Neopolis ("new city", the modern Naples in Italy) in 400 BCE.
London was settled by Celts c400 BCE in the area close to London Bridge.
Antioch (the Antakia of modern Turkey) was founded by Seleucius I in 334 BCE.
Alexandria was founded (in Egypt) in 332 BCE.
The city of Plovdiv (modern Bulgaria) was founded by Philip II of Macedon c330 BCE.
Carthage was destroyed by the Romans in 146 BCE.

Religious and philosophical leaders:

Zarathustra (founder of Zoroastrinism) was born in Persia in 628 BCE.
Siddharth Gautama, who would later be known as Buddha, was born in North India in 563 BCE.
The Chinese philosopher, Kung Fu Tse (known as Confucius in the West) was born 551 BCE.
Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism, was born in China c520 BCE).
In 500 BCE in North India, Mahavira founded Jainism.

Monarchs, rulers and emperors:

Cyrus The Great (king of Babylon) was born c 585 BCE.
Darius I of Persia was born c550 BCE and conquered Egypt in 525 BCE.
Alexander The Great was born in Macedonia in 356 BCE.
In 269 BCE, the Indian emperor, Ashoka was born; his missionaries spread Buddhism throughout Asia.
Hanibal of Carthage was born in 247 BCE.
The Chinese Emperor, Shi Huangdi died in 210 BCE and was buried in a large mound outside of modern Xian protected by an army of thousands of life-size teracotta warriors; these would remain undisturbed for over 2000 years.
Roman general (later ruler), Gaius Julius Caesar (known universally as Julius Caesar) was born in 100 BCE. Derivations of his surname would come to mean king or emperor ("kaiser", "czar", "tzar"). The month of July is named after him.
The Greek Egyptian queen, Cleopatra VII (known in the West simply as Cleopatra) was born in 69 BCE, and ruled Egypt before the Romans took over.
Julius Caesar's nephew, Octavian (known universally as Augustus Caesar after he became emperor of Rome) was born in 63 BCE. The month of August is named after him.

In the Greek world, many famous people were born during this period:

The mathematician, Pythagoras (around 582 BCE).
The historian Heroditus was born c485 BCE.
The philosopher, Socrates (around 470 BCE).
The physician, Hippocrates (460 BCE): the medical "Hippocratic Oath" is named after him.
Plato (the philosopher from whom the adjective "platonic" is derived) was born in 427 BCE; the school he founded was the original Acadamy.
Aristotle (384 BCE) was a philosopher who dabbled in science, taught Alexander The Great and founded a school called The Lyceum.
The geometer, Euclid (born c325 BCE) wrote a book of mathematical principles (The Elements, c300 BCE) that was still being used over 2000 years later.
The engineer, Archimedes (c287 BCE) who gave the word "eurika" to the world.
Chief librarian of Alexandria, Eratosthenes (276 BCE) was the first person to measure the size of the Earth.

The Battle of Salamis took place in 480 BCE; Greece beat Persia and went on to dominate the Mediterranean region. Greece came under Roman rule in 146 BCE. A series of conflicts known to the Romans as the Punic Wars took place after 200 BCE: Rome beat Carthage and went on to dominate the Mediterranean area. Palestine came under Roman rule in 63 BCE. Rome invaded Celtic Britain in 55 BCE.

Writers of the Roman world included:

Publius Vergilius Maro (known in the West as Virgil): 70 BCE.
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (Horace): 65 BCE.
Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid): 43 BCE.

In Central America, the Zapotecs thrived from 400 BCE; the great pyramids at Teotihuacan were construced after 150 BCE; the Mayan civilisations began c100 BCE in Palenque.

In Africa speakers of Niger-Congo languages began migrations from the Cameroon region southwards. These languages now cover most of Africa south of the Saharan.

Iron reached Britain in 700 BCE.

On 28 May 585 BCE, Cyaxares of Media (modern Iran) and Alyattes of Lydia (modern Turkey) were about to start a battle when a total eclipse of the Sun occurred. The two nations were so frightened that they signed a peace treaty. Because eclipses can be predicted very accurately by astronomers, this remains the earliest historical event that can be dated to the exact day.

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Inventions Search Results

Years : 1,000 BCE to 1 BCE

58 Items listed

Key Moments

Books From Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.com

KryssTal Related Pages

History of Astronomy

The Calendar

Borrowed Words From Etruscan

Borrowed Words From Greek

Borrowed Words From Latin

Borrowed Words From Punic

Total Eclipses of the Sun

Biographies